The Court of Cassation Issues an Important Unification of Judgments Decision on Raising a New Claim Through Partial Amendment

The Court of Cassation ruled that a claim not included in the statement of claim cannot be introduced into civil proceedings through partial amendment.

Reimbursement of Training Costs under Turkish Law

This article explains the validity and enforceability of training cost reimbursement clauses under Turkish law, including the Court of Cassation’s approach, proportionality requirements, recoverable cost items, termination scenarios, and key drafting points for employers.

Law No. 7582 on the Amendment of Certain Laws Published in the Official Gazette Dated 4 June 2026

Law No. 7582 introduces significant amendments to Türkiye’s tax legislation, foreign direct investment framework, Istanbul Finance Center regime and technopreneurship incentives. The Law includes new tax advantages for qualified service centers, a 20-year income tax exemption for certain foreign-sourced income and revenues, a renewed asset repatriation regime, a reduced corporate income tax rate for manufacturing and agricultural production income, and simplified rules for conditional capital increases based on convertible debt agreements by eligible technopreneurship companies.

Constitutional Court Annuls Provisions Limiting the Liability of Intermediary Service Providers in E-Commerce Consumer Contracts

The Constitutional Court annulled provisions of the Law on the Protection of Consumers and the Law on the Regulation of Electronic Commerce that limited the liability of electronic commerce marketplace operators in consumer contracts. The Court held that a blanket exclusion of intermediary service providers’ liability may create a protection gap for consumers, particularly where platforms assume an active role or where sellers are unreachable or fail to fulfil their obligations. The annulment will enter into force nine months after publication in the Official Gazette dated 2 June 2026.

The Turkish Data Protection Board Issued a Principle Decision on the Processing of Biometric Data for Attendance Tracking Purposes

The Turkish Data Protection Board’s Principle Decision dated 29 April 2026 clarifies that biometric data such as fingerprints, facial recognition data, and iris or retina scans cannot be processed for employee attendance tracking purposes. The Board found that there is no statutory basis expressly permitting biometric attendance tracking, explicit consent is not a valid legal ground in the employer-employee relationship due to the structural power imbalance, and biometric processing fails the proportionality test where less intrusive alternatives are available.

Constitutional Court Annuls Rule Blocking Court of Cassation Review Following Acceptance of an Appeal

The Constitutional Court, with its decision published in the Official Gazette dated 21 May 2026, annulled Article 362(1)(a) of the Code of Civil Procedure insofar as it treated decisions rendered following the partial or full acceptance of an appellate application before the regional court of appeal as final.

New Annulment Decision by the Constitutional Court Regarding the Phrase “The Registration Ruling is Final,…” in Article 10 of the Expropriation Law

The Constitutional Court, with its decision published in the Official Gazette on 21 May 2026, annulled the phrase “The registration ruling is final,…” in Article 10 of the Expropriation Law, holding that the transfer of ownership before the expropriation compensation is finally determined violates the constitutional guarantee of advance payment and the right to property.

Enforcing US Commercial Court Judgments in Turkey: A Guide to Recognition and Enforcement under Turkish Private International Law

US commercial court judgments are not automatically enforceable in Turkey. Creditors must first obtain an enforcement decision before proceeding against assets in Turkey. This guide explains the recognition and enforcement framework under Turkish private international law, including reciprocity, finality, service of process, public policy, mandatory mediation, interim attachment, and security for costs.

Term Sheets in Turkish Venture Capital Transactions: Legal Enforceability and Two Common Pitfalls

Under Turkish law, term sheets are often described as non-binding, but their real significance depends on how clearly binding and non-binding provisions are separated. In practice, they work best when supported by clear drafting on costs, confidentiality, exclusivity, and contractual penalties.

The Turkish Data Protection Board Issued a Principle Decision on the Separate Preparation of Explicit Consent Texts and Privacy Notices

The Turkish Data Protection Board, through its principle decision dated 18 February 2026 and numbered 2026/347, clarified that explicit consent texts and privacy notices presented by data controllers to data subjects must be prepared separately.

New Annulment Decision by the Constitutional Court Regarding the Regime for Expulsion of Shareholders in Two-Shareholder Limited Liability Companies

In its decision published in the Official Gazette dated 17 March 2026, the Constitutional Court annulled the provisions of the Turkish Commercial Code that made an application to the court for the expulsion of a shareholder for just cause subject to a general assembly resolution, solely with respect to two-shareholder limited liability companies.